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高一的英语句子结构
高一英语句子成分和句子结构
1主语。
句子一般要有主语。在简单句中,主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语)来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it作形式主语。
名词作主语。
Englishisveryimportant.英语是很重要的。
ThestudentsalllovetheirEnglishteacher.这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。
代词作主语。
Theygotoschoolbybus.他们乘公共汽车上学。
如何做英语思维导图
做英语思维导图,首先你可以从语法开始,或者是单词的分类动词形容词副词之类的,还可以进行时态的理解分析
高中英语句子成分分析
英语 句子 成分教学一直是被师生及 教育 专家们忽视的弱点学习内容。下面是我带来的高中英语句子成分分析,欢迎阅读!
高中英语句子成分分析精选
简单句的句子成份分析(主语、谓语、宾语、定语)
句子的基本成份分析是高中英语语法学习的基础准备。不会分析句子成份,高中阶段的主要语法的学习如定语从句、名词性从句、非谓语等就会显得十分困难。
一.句子的主要成份与次要成份
[讲解] 句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。句子的主要成份由主语和谓语部分部分组成。句子的次要成分有宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语、同位语等。其中,补语与同位语在高中阶段较常见。 例如: (主语) (定语修饰主语) (系动词) (表语) (状语) (主语) (谓语) (宾语) (补语) (状语)
[练习] 在括号内写出以下句子划线部分的基本成份 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
二、主语及充当主语的词性、形式、 短语 或句子
[讲解]主语是句子的主体,是谓语陈述或说明的对象。正常语序的句子的主语在谓语动词前面或系动词前面。充当主语的词性有名词、代词、数词等。这一点我们在初中阶段较为熟悉。例如: 主语由名词deer来充当) 主语由代词everything来充当) 主语由数词99来充当)
以下充当主语的情况在高中阶段较为常见。他们是:不定式、动名词等形式充当主语,动名词短语、不定式短语、介词短语充当主语以及充当主语从句充当主语。例如: 主语由不定式to say来充当) 主语由不定式短语to host a party来充当) ’s health.(主语由动名词swimming来充当) 主语由动名词短语Walking his pet dog every day来充当) 主语由what he said这一主语从句来充当)
[练习] 在以下句子的主语部分加下划线并在括号内写出充当主语的词性、形式、短语或句子。
You, he and I are all senior school students.( )
Nothing is more important than EQ.( )
To learn a foreign language calls for patiences.( )
Being honest will pay.( )
Where his mother will go is a secret.( )
三、谓语以及充当谓语的动词
[讲解] 谓语说明主语的的动作、行为、特征或状态,谓语动词说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。谓语动词有不及物动词、系动词和及物动词三大类。谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息,除了一般现在时和一般过去时的主被动形式外,谓语动词往往由下列词语中的两个或两个以上依序排列构成:情态动词+时态助动词+语态助动词+主要动词。例如: 作谓语,系动词) (work作谓语,不及物动词)
高中英语句子成分分析阅读
宾语及充当宾语的词性、形式、短语或句子
[讲解]宾语表示行为的对象。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。充当宾语的词性有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、不定式短语、动名词短语、宾语从句充当主语。例如: 名词作宾语) 代词作宾语) (数词作宾语) (不定式作宾语) (动名词作宾语) (不定式短语作宾语) (动名词短语作宾语) (宾语从句作宾语)
[练习] 根据汉语提示将以下句子的宾语译成英语。
1. I like my new ________(学校) and my __________(同学).
2. My bag is red while ______(你的) is brown.
3. Do you want ______ ______ ______ ______(休息一下)?
4.Let’s stop ______(工作) and go out for a change.
5. Can you understand ______ ______ ______(我所说的话) just now?
定语及充当定语的词性、形式、短语或句子
定语用来修饰或限制名词或代词。可用作定语的有形容词、代词、数词、名词、名词所有格、分词、动词-ing形式、动词不定式、副词、介词短语及从句等。例如:
(1)名词作定语:A book cover, a coffee cup, a table leg, a mountain plant
(2)形容词(短语)作定语: an attractive sight, people alive,
(3)副词(短语)作定语: The students here work hard. The book over there is his.
(4)介词短语作定语: The pencil-bos on the desk is mine.
(5) 动名词、分词(短语)定语: He is a walking dictionary
(6)不定式(短语): Is there anything to eat?
(7)定语从句: The bookcase that was bought yesterday is cheap.
[练习] 将下列句中作定语的部分划线.
1.I need a book cover.
2.John is a handsome star.
3.The trees over there grow green.
4.The books in my schoolbag are readable.
5. The crowds waiting for Yang Liwei cheered up.
6. I’d like to introduce a book called A Woman in White to you.
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7.The computer to be repaired is on the desk.
8. Do you know the date when he was born?
高中英语句子成分分析学习
练习
A
1、 ___ six years since I began to study English.
A. It is B. I have been C. There are D. It was
2 、___ in the room at that time.
A. Nobody was B. Someone were C. Who is D. He are
3 、IT'S very noisy outside. ___ is going on?
A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where
4、 ___ in English in class every day is important.
A. Speak B. Talking C. Saying D. To tell
5 、There must be____ near the factory.
A. a book store B. book store C. books store D. books stores
6 、Although it's raining hard, ___ are still working in the fields.
A. but they B. and they C. they D. since they
B
1、 The doctor as well as the nurses ___ great concern for the patients.
A. show B. shows C. have shown D. are showing
2、 Your son must be a clever boy, ___ he?
A. is B. isn't C. must D. mustn't
3、 The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among students
in this school.
A. open B. opening C. opened D. being opened
4 、I ___ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.
A. mustn't B. had to C. can't D. needn't
5 、Don't ___ excited.
A. get B. is C. seem D. look
6 This room ___ every morning.
A. is cleaning B. is cleaned C. cleans D. cleaning
高中英语句子成分解析
高中英语句子成分解析
在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。下面是我收集整理的高中英语句子成分解析,希望对您有所帮助!
状语
状语(adverbial)是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。
如: 1.The girl is improving remarkably. 这个女孩大有进步。
2.可用作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。
(1)。副词最常用作状语,位置比较灵活,可置句末、句首和句中。
He speaks the language badly but read it well. 这种语言,他讲得不好,但阅读能力很强。
Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors. 当我们期望旅馆的旅客把房门锁上。
3.状语按用途来分,可以分为时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随等
(1)。时间状语,多位于句末和句首,有时亦可置于句中 Shall we do the shopping today or tomorrow? In China now leads the world.
(2).地点状语,多置于句末,有时也位于句首和句中。 There are plenty of fish in the sea.
She kissed her mother on the platform(月台).
(3)。原因状语,包括表理由的状语,多置于句末,有时亦可置于句首。 Because he was ill ,Tom lost his job. I eat potatoes because I like them.
(4). 结果状语,多由不定式、分词和从句表示,常位于句末。
She woke(醒) suddenly to find someone standing in the doorway. She spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear what she said.
(5). 目的状语,多由不定式、介词短语和从句等表示,常位于句末,强调时可以置于句首。 He ran for shelter(隐蔽处).他跑去避雨。
In order to get into a good school, I must study even harder.
(6). 条件状语。多由短语和从句表示,常置于句末和句首。 We’ll be lucky to get there before dark.
If he were to come, what should we say to him?
(7). 让步状语,由短语和从句表示,常置于句末和句首。
For all his money, he didn’t seem happy. 他尽管有钱,但似乎并不幸福。 He helped me although he didn’t know me.
(8).程度状语。常由副词、介词短语及从句等表示。 The lecture is very interesting.
To what extent would you trust them? 你对他们信任程度如何? (9)。伴随状语,常由短语和独立主格等表示。对位于句末和句首。 My train starts at six, arriving at Chicago at ten. He stood there ,pipe(烟斗) in mouth.
同谓语
当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分,前者就叫做后者的同谓语(appositive).这两个句子成分多由名词(代词)担任,同谓语通常皆放在其说明的名词(代词)之后。
1.名词用作同谓语是大量的。
(1). We have two children, a boy and a girl.我们有两个孩子,一男一女。
(2)We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country. 我们中国人民决心将中国建成一个强大的繁荣的国家。
2.代词用作同谓语。
(1)。They all wanted to see him. 他们都想见他。
(2)。Let’s you and me go to work, Oliver. 咱们俩去工作吧。
3.数词用作同谓语。
(1)。Are you two ready?你们俩准备好了吗?
(2)。They two went, we three stayed behind.他们俩去了,我们三个留了下来。
4.不定式与动名词用作同谓语。
(1)。Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary education, has met with some opposition.他们最近提出了集中全力于初等教育的提议遭到了某些人的反对。
(2)。The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down. 第一个计划是夜袭,被拒绝了。
5.Of 短语用作同谓语
The city of Rome 罗马城 the art of writing 写作艺术 The vice of smoking 吸烟嗜好
6.从句用同谓语,即同谓语重句
(1)。The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不确。
(2)。We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可信赖的问题。
定语
定语是用来说明名词(代词)的品质与特征的词或一组词。可用作定语的有:形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句和句子等。
1.形容词用作定语是大量的。
(1). She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的音乐家。
(2). He must be the best violinist alive.他一定是最好的在世的小提琴手了。(后置定语)
2. 名词用作定语。
如 (1). A baby girl 女婴
(2). well water 井水
(3). Sports car 双座轻型汽车
(4). A fool’s paradise 梦幻的天堂
3.代词作定语。
(1). Your hair needs cutting. 你该理发了。(物主代词用作定语)
(2). Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 人人负责就是无人负责。 (不定代词所有格作定语)
4.数词作定语
(1). There’s only one way to do it. 做此事只有一法。
(2). Do it now, you may not get a second chance. 现在就干吧,你可能再没有机会了。
基数词用作后置定语: page 24 Room 201 the year 1949 4. 副词充当定语时常后置,如:
the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界 the way out 出路 a day off 休息日
5.不定式用作定语
(1). Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘记了答应写信的事。
(2). That’s the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法。
6.动名词用作定语.
A walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 药
eating implements 吃饭用具 learning method 学习方法
7.分词充当定语
a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者
a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵谢了的花
8.介词短语用作定语。
(1). This is a map of China. 这是一幅中国地图。
(2). The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words. 他那凶暴的目光说明得再清楚不过了。
9.从句用作定语,即定语从句
The car that’s parked outside is mine. 停在外面的`车是我的。 Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one. 我在外面看见你的汽车了,它给另一辆车撞了。
补语
补语(complement)是一种补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分。补足主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补语(subject complement),补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补语(object complement).
(1). 容词用作主语补语是常置于主语之前,后有逗号。
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 我又累又困,就去睡了。
有时可以置于主语之后,前后都有逗号,与非限定性定语相似。如: The man, cruel beyond belief, didn’t listen to their pleadings. 那人不可置疑地残酷,不听取他们的恳求。
(2).可以用做宾语补语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等
1.They named the child Jimmy. 他们将孩子命名为吉米。(名词用作并与补语)
2.My mother looks so young that you would think her my sister. 我的母亲面很嫩,你会以为她是我的姐姐(名词短语作宾语补语)
3. He boiled the egg hard. 她将鸡蛋煮老了。(形容词用作宾语补语)
3.I found the book very interesting.我发现那本书很有趣。(形容词短语用作宾补)
4.The comrades wanted Dr. Bethune to take cover. 同志们要白求恩大夫隐蔽一下。(不定式用作宾语补语)
5.I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul.我把这个叫做拆东墙补西墙。(动名作宾补
6.Don’t take his kindness for granted.不要把他的友善看作是当然的事。
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