本文目录
被动语态的各种时态形式
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。接下来，我给大家准备了被动语态的各种形式,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
被动语态的各种形式
如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语用主动语态，如“We clean the room every day.”;如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的对象，谓语则是要用被动语态，如“The room is cleaned every day.”
被动语态的各种形式：
1) am/is/are +done
I’m asked to take care of myself.
Football is played all over the world.
2) has /have been done
This book has been translated into many foreign languages.
The prices of many goods have been cut again .
3) am/is /are being done
A road is being built around the mountain.
Many new houses are being built in this city.
4) was/were done
This house was built in 1958.
His leg was broken in an accident.
5) had been done
A new school had been set up by the end of last year.
When the anthem1 had been played the conference2 began.
6) was/were being done
The meeting was being held when I was there.
We were being trained this time last year.
7) shall/will be done
More factories will be built in our city.
He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.
8) shall/will have been done
The project will have been completed before July.
Your clothes shall have been made for you soon.
9) should/would be done
He told me that his new cloths would be made by his mother.
10) should/would have been done
He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.
扩展：常见的被动结构
1、SVO句型的被动结构
SVO句型中的谓语为单宾及物动词，其被动结构是：S + V(被动式) (+ by 短语 )。例如：
He wrote1 the book two years ago. → The book was2 written by him two years ago. 这本书是他在两年前写的。
They are cleaning the house. → The house is being3 cleaned (by them). 房子正在被(他们)打扫。
You’re wanted on the phone. 有你的电话。
2、SVoO句型的被动结构
SVoO句型中的谓语动词为双宾及物动词，其被动结构是：S + V(被动式) + O/o(保留宾语) (+ by短语)。
需要说明的是，一般把间接宾语(表示人)作为被动句的主语，而把直接宾语(表示物)作为保留宾语。如果把直接宾语作为被动句的主语，则间接宾语作为保留宾语，它的前面通常要用介词to或for(视动词而定)。例如：
My aunt gave4 me an apple. → I was given5 an apple. / An apple was given to me. 有人给了我一只苹果。[被动句中省略了by my aunt。]
His mother bought him a new coat. → He was bought a new coat. / A new coat was bought for him. 有人给他买了一件新大衣。[被动句中省略了by his mother。]
3、SVOC句型的被动结构
SVOC句型中的谓语动词为复宾及物动词，其被动结构是：S + V(被动式) + C(主语补足语) (+ by短语)[1]。例如：
People usually call me Jim for short. → I am usually called Jim for short. 我常常被人直呼吉姆。
They asked Mike to write soon. → Mike was asked to write soon. 迈克被要求尽快写信。
He made6 the baby laugh. → The baby was made to laugh (by him). 那个婴儿被(他)逗笑了。[请比较前后两句中的划线单词，被动句中需要加上to。]
在被动句中作主语补足语的不定式一律要带to，不论其作宾语补足语时是否带to(请见以上各例句)。
4、短语动词的被动结构
短语动词的被动结构是：S + V(被动式) + 介词/副词 (+ by短语)。例如：
We have sent for a doctor. → A doctor has been sent for. 已经派人去请医生了。
I turned off7 the radio just now. → The radio was turned off just now. 收音机刚才(被)关掉了。
They are taking good care8 of the children. → The children are being taken good care of. 孩子们正在受到良好的照顾。
在将含有短语动词的主动句转换成被动句时，原短语动词中的介词或副词(如以上句中的for, off, of)不能遗漏。
5、带情态动词的被动结构
带情态动词的被动结构是：S + V(情态动词+主要动词的被动式) (+ by短语)。例如：
You must do it at once. → It must be done at once. 这件事必须立即做。
We can see the park from the window. → The park can be seen9 from the window. 公园可以从窗户那里看到。
相关 文章 ：
1. 英语语法:被动语态用法大全
2. 语态学习:语态的基本概念与被动语态
3. 8个实用中学英语语法填空解题技巧
4. 英语语法知识考点总结:There be句型
5. 初中英语中的常见语法
6. 英语动词后加s的用法
被动语态的结构
被动语态讲解
英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系,英语的动词有两种语态形式,即主动语态和被动语态.
如果主语是动作的执行者,谓语动词用主动语态.如果主语是动作的对象,谓语动词用被动语态.
一、被动语态的构成形式 助动词be
被动语态的基本时态变化:九种时态的被动形式,
1、 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词 We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语.
2、 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物.
3、 一般将来时：will be+过去分词 The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理.
4、 现在进行时：am/is/are +being + 过去分词The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁.
5、 过去进行时：was/were +being + 过去分词The talk was being given at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候正在作报告.
6、 现在完成时：have/has been+过去分词The flowers have been watered.这些花已经被浇了.
7、 过去完成时：had been+过去分词She said this lift had never been used.
8、 过去将来时：would be+过去分词
The film would be shown again sometime next week. 这部电影下周的某个时候又将上映.
9.将来完成时（少用）shall/will have been done The project will have been completed before July.
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构.情态动词＋be＋过去分词.时态及句型的变化由情态动词完成,"be+过去分词"部分不变.The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 双宾语 通常变为主语的是间接宾语.直宾（事物）间宾（人）每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,
His mother gave him a present for his birthday.
He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 动词+宾语+宾语补足语,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动.
Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to.
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词＋介词”,“动词＋副词”等,也可用被动结构
The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) .
I don't like being laughed at in the public.
二、 如何使用被动语态
学习被动语态时,不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构,还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态.
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语).
My bike was stolen last night.
2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者.
I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.
3. 为了更好地安排句子.
The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.一个主语就够了）
三、 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”.有：
It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道,It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is well known that…众所周知,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议.
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如 break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物.
This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响.
试比较：The door won't lock． （指门本身有毛病）
The door won't be locked． （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）
2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义.
How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?
3. 某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义.系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, look, smell, prove, wear等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义.Your reason sounds reasonable
3)某些作表语的形容词后,用不定式主动形式表示被动意义.
The conversation is hard to understand.对这话很难理解. The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓.
The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂.
五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 .
1． 在need,want,require, bear, deserve, take, worth后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式. The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理.
2． 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式. The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）
3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义.
I have a lot of things to do this afternoon． (to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系.)
试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者.)
4. 在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义.这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等.
This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）.
5．在too… to…结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义.
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
6. 在there be…句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物.
There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost,谁 lost time不明确.）
7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动.然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义.
Who is to blame for starting the fire?
六、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之义,其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词.
1. “under +名词”结构,表示“某事在进行中”.under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）.
The building is under construction( is being constructed).
2．“beyond+名词”结构,“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”.beyond belief (令人难以置信), beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及）,beyond one’s control（无法控制）,beyond our hope．我们的成功始料不及.
The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．
3.“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于……”.
His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．
4．“for+名词”结构,表示 “适于……、 为着……”.for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等.
That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).
5．“in+名词”结构 ,表示“在……过程中或范围内”in print（在印刷中）in sight(在视野范围内),
The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)
6．“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事…中”.on sale(出售),on show（展出）, on trial（受审）.
Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).
7．“out of+名词”结构 ； 表示 “超出…… 之外“,out of control (控制不了),out of sight （超出视线之外）,out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等.
The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled)． .
8．“within+名词”结构,“在……内、不超过……”.
He took two days off within the teacher's permission.
五个被动语态的英语句子加翻译
下面是被动语态各种时态的例句：e.g. You are wanted on the phone . 有你的电话.（一般现在时） The railway was built in 1998. 这条铁路建于1998 年.（一般过去时） A new railway is being built in this city. 这个城市正在修建一条新的铁路.（现在进行时） The railway was being built this time last year.去年这个时候这条铁路正在修建.（过去进行时） The new railway has already been built.新铁路已经建成了.（现在完成时） The new railway had been built by the end of last year.这条铁路在去年年底前已经建成了.（过去完成时） A new railway will be built in this city next year.这个城市明年将建一条新的铁路.（一般将来时） He told us that the new railway would be built the next year.他告诉我们新铁路将于第二年建成.（过去将来时）第二节 被动语态的各种句型1.单宾语结构. e.g. Our English teacher often uses a tape-recorder in teaching English.我们英语老师经常用录音机教英语.（主动语态） A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher) in teaching English.录音机经常用来教英语.2．双宾语结构 这种结构可有两种被动语态句型,即分别用间接宾语和直接宾语作主语.e.g. The villagers gave the foreign guests warm welcome.（主动语态）The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.（被动1）A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers.（被动2）3.复合宾语结构 这种结构只能将主动语态的宾语改作被动语态的主语. e.g. They heard someone singing in the next room.(主动) Someone was heard singing in the next room. (被动)4. 含情态动词的被动结构 含情态动词的句子其被动语态形式是“情态动词+ be+过去分词”. e.g. The trees should be watered every day. 这些树应每天浇水. This word can be pronounced in two ways. 这个单词可以有两种发音.5．短语动词结构 相当于及物动词的短语动词也可以有被动语态,如 look after, give up , take care of , pay attention to , make use of , put off, wake up , put out 等.e.g. The children must be taken good care of .这些孩子必须得到好的照顾.The big fire has been put out . 大火已被扑灭.特别提醒A． 只有及物动词和及物短语动词才可以有被动语态不及物动词,不及物短语动词或系动词都不可以有被动语态,如happen, go on , take place , belong to , sound, feel等.e.g. This room belongs to me. .这房子属于我.不可以说：This room is belonged to me .e.g. This music sounds sweet.这音乐听起来很悦耳.不可以说：This music is sounded sweet.B.被动语态只有在强调动作的承受者或不知道动作的执行者时才使用.e.g. This sock is made of silk.这袜子是丝的.（不知道动作的执行者是谁.）English is required in many schools of our country.在我们国家许多学校要求开设英语课.（强调动作的承受者English.）C. 千万不能按中文意思死搬硬套,如句子“你的信我已经收到了.”不能说：Your letter has been received by me .只能说：I have received your letter.D. 主动语态变为被动语态的步骤 1.找出主动语态的宾语,作为被动语态的主语；2.将谓语动词有主动形式变为被动形式；3.有无必要用 by 短语.4.注意被动语态的句式,时态必须主动语态一致.e.g. Have you found your lost book? 你找到你丢的书了吗?（一般问句,现在完成时） Has your lost book been found?你丢的书找到没有?（一般问句,现在完成时）E. 有些动词常用主动形式表示被动意义,如动词act, cook, keep , look , open , write, read, sell , wash 等,这时句子的主语通常是没有生命的.e.g. This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 meters wide. 这个大厅长100米,宽60 米. This pen sells well in that country. 这种笔在那个国家很好销.F. 在一些固句型中常用被动语态结构,如：It is said that … 据说……,人们说…… It is reported that … 据报道…… It is hoped that … 人们希望…… It is well known that… 众所周知…… It is believed that…人们相信…… It must be admitted that…必须承认…… It must be pointed that…必须指出的是……
没有被动语态的动词和词组
make complaint固定词组是“发牢骚”的意思,没错,但它只是用在主动形式,才是这个意思.用在被动语态,意境就变了,complaint的意思要根据具体的句子要定.
英语中,有些短语,做某个固定的意思时,只适用于动或被动语态.一旦改变,其意思也跟着变,甚至有些短语根本不改为主动或被动.如we all have fun就不能改为All fun are had by us(错).He tells a lie.也不能改为A lie is told by him（错）.这里的have fun和tell a lie都是固定词组,它们都不能变为被动结构.
所以,That is why so many complaints are mode between managers and clerks.
翻译成：“这就是为什么在经理与员工之间总是抱怨纷纷.”是对的.当然,还可这样说：That is why there are so many complaints between managers and clerks.
以上就是关于被动语态短语30个 ,被动语态的各种时态形式的全部内容，以及被动语态短语30个 的相关内容,希望能够帮到您。
