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宾语从句中主句用过去式从句用什么时态
一、宾语从句用法
时态: 1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态.可归纳为“主现从不限” 2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态.可归纳为“主过从四过” 3.主句用过去时,从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时. 4.情态动词could/would用于,“请求”,表示委婉、客气的语气时,从句不受主句的约束.
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结
要想学好英语,就必须学好英语知识点,那么初中英语宾语从句知识点有哪些呢?以下是我分享给大家的初中英语宾语从句知识点,希望可以帮到你!
初中英语宾语从句知识点
一、.引导词
1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work.
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示“是否”。在 whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。例句:I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
3. 从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。 例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
二、判断时态情况:
1.主句是一般现在时,从句可以为各种时态。
2.主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态。
注意:从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等,从句时态不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。
例句:He answered that he was listening to me.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
三、宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序
陈述句语序,就是主语在前,谓语动词在后。
错误: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
正确: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
注意:宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致. 例如; I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
初中英语宾语从句知识点常见考法
对于宾语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下,常从引导词的选择、时态的一致性及从句的陈述语序方面考查。
典型例题:Please tell me ______ last year.
A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work
C .where your sister works D where your sister worked
解析:本题考查对宾语从句的掌握。宾语从句要用陈述语序,所以排除A和 B;last year 表示过去时 ,所以排除 C 。
答案:D
误区提醒
宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序 ,但要注意当疑问词为主语时,句式为:疑问词+谓语+其他 ,问句和陈述句语序一样。
典型例题:I didn't know ?
A. What wrong was with her B.what was wrong with her
C .what wrong is with her D.what is wrong with her
解析:主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态,所以排除C和D;在what was wrong with her中,what作主语,所以问句本身又是陈述句语序,不用变化。
答案: B
学好初中英语的建议
积累词汇
如果你是学生,可以通过英语课程,让老师帮助你了解英语的基础知识和思维方式。如果你是自学者,可以通过网络视频,根据视频上的内容了解英语的基础知识等。并且需要购买一本中英的英语词典,让你在学习英语的前期掌握足够的英语词汇。
学习语法
语法是语言的“骨架”,是词形变化规则和组词成句规则的总和,也是研究词的结构、用词规则、组合词语、句子结构等一系列规律的专门科学。具有概括性、生成性、稳定性 和系统性的特点。学习语法的目的,是为了可以更好地进行听说读写等语言实践活动。也就是说,通过对语法规则规律的掌握,减少在语言实践练习中的盲目性,提高语言的准确性。学习语法可以通过课本、书籍、网络等方法加强练习。
多读、多背、多写
学好英语,还要有坚持不懈的精神,不经历背诵大量文章,写大量东西,听大量文章(读报、听广播、看外语电影、听外语讲座、读书籍)是根本不可能达到目的的,因为学习语言需要对我们的各种感观进行刺激,每天至少看 60-120分钟的英语,早晨和晚上是学英语的最好时间。
勇于交流
前面3点可以让你很好的读和写了,但是只会读和写对于学习一门语言来说是远远不够的,我们还要学会怎样与人交流。敢于开口说英语,不要怕犯错误,人人都会犯错,这是在所难免的,加强交际训练,为自己提供一个英语环境,只有多交流,才能把口语说的很流利。
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宾语从句时态
宾语从句中,当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时,其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
所以,宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况而定。当主句的谓语动词的时态是一般过去时的时候,其宾语从句的时态一般要用任一适当的过去时态。当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实真理时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
在宾语从句中须注意:
1. that在口语中常被省略,但在正式的文体中,不能省;并且它一般不能引导介词的宾语从句,但可引导except, but, in等少数介词的宾语从句。如:
I didn’t know (that) he was Li Lei.我不知道他就是李蕾。
I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill.只要我身体舒服,我愿做任何事情来帮助你。
2.宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时,一般须用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句放到句末,此时的that不能省。如:
The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys.那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩弄他的玩具。
3.动词advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(坚决主张),order, propose, request, suggest(建议)等代的宾语从句须用虚拟语气,即:(should) do的形式。
He asked that we (should) get there before nine o’clock.他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。
The teacher advised us that we (should) not waste our time.老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。
宾语从句的时态
1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时,其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。所以,宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况而定。eg.
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她从周一至周五上班。 (从句是一般现在时) She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。 (从句是一般将来时) She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。 (从句是现在完成时)2)当主句的谓语动词的时态是一般过去时的时候,其宾语从句的时态一般要用任一适当的过去时态。eg.He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。从句是一般过去时) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。 (从句是过去将来时) He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。 (从句是过去进行时) 但是当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时,其时态仍旧用一般现在时。eg. The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事,只怕有心人。 She said(that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her. 她说她父亲比她大二十八岁。 He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。 He told me that I must go to school on time every day. 他告诉我我必须每天按时上学。注意:当主句的谓语动词是think或believe,宾语从句要表达否定时,要把从句的否定转移到主句上。 eg. 我认为他不会帮你学英语的。 I don't think he is going to help you with your English.不可以翻译成: I think he isn't going to help you with your English. 如果宾语从句有它的补语时,宾语从句用it代替,从句后置。其句型为:主语+谓语 + it +补语+宾语从句。 eg. I think it necessary that we learn English grammar. 我认为我们学习英语语法是必要的。 He thinks it a good job that he becomes a teacher. 他认为当老师是个很好的职业。 实战演练1. Could you tell me if it _____ tomorrow? A. rains B. is raining C. will rain D. rain2. The teacher told his students the sun_____ in the east. A. rise B. rises C. rose D. risen3. I'm sure___ he will be here on time. A. if B. that C. whether D. when4. Can you tell me ______? A. what's the matter with him B. what the matter with him is C. what happened with him D. what with him happened5. Let me tell you ______. A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car6. Peter knew _______. A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris7. Bruce says _______ he can come at 9:00 tomorrow. A. when B. what C. that D. what time8. Dave, could you teach me ______ to search the Internet? A. that B. how C. when D. why9. Could you tell me ______? A. where is the nearest railway station B. where the nearest railway station was C. where the nearest railway station is D. where was the nearest railway station10. He was afraid ______ he would forget his Chinese. A. if B. when C. how D. that1-5 C B B A D 6-10BCBCD
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