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什么是宾语从句
宾语从句(一)
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略。
当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的
影响,按需要可以使用任何时态。如:
She
says
(that)
she
works
from
Monday
to
Friday.
她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
She
says
(that)
she
will
leave
a
message
on
his
desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She
says
(that)
she
has
never
been
to
Mount
Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态。如:
He
said
there
were
no
classes
yesterday
afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He
said
(that)
he
was
going
to
take
care
of
the
baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He
said
(that)
they
were
having
a
meeting
at
that
time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
*当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,
宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。如:
The
teacher
told
us(that)
nothing
is
difficult
if
you
put
your
heart
into
it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
宾语从句知识点归纳图
宾语从句概念:在句子中起宾语作用的从句被称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类,动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
1、动词后的宾语从句只要有三种情况,一是动词后面直接带宾语从句;二是有些“动词+副词”结构后可以带宾语从句;三是动词短语后可带宾语从句。
例句:I hope you can join us in the game.我希望你能和我们一起参加这场比赛。(动词后面直接带宾语从句)
Can you figure out what the poet really means in the poem?你能理解诗人在这首诗中的真正用意吗?(动词+副词结构后加宾语从句)
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有错误。(动词短语后加宾语从句)
2、介词后的宾语从句
例句:She is always thinking of how she can do more for others.她总想着如何才能为别人做的更多。
3、形容词后的宾语从句
例句:I am sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.我确信尽管天气恶劣,他们也会取得成功。
扩展资料:
宾语从句的引导词包括that、if/weather、wh-类连接词。其中that引导宾语从句时无词义,在从句中不做任何成分,口语中一般可以省略;if/weather引导宾语从句时,在句子不做任何成分,但是有具体含义,意为是否,不可省略;wh-类连接词包括连接代词(who、whom、what、which、whoever、whichever等)和连接副词(when、where、why、how、whenever、wherever、however等)。
宾语从句的三种基本句型例句
1、当从句是陈述句时,从句用that引导,在非正式问题中可省略。
I think (that) you shoud tell the truth.
我认为你应该说实话。
2、当从句是疑问句时,从句用whether、if引导,且从句为陈述句语序。
He asked whether/if he could go out to play with his friends.
他问他是否可以和朋友出去玩。
3、特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,特殊疑问词有who、whom、whose、what、which、when、where、why、how等,且从句为陈述句语序。
She asked who we would go to the zoo with.
她问我们将会和谁一块去动物园。
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生;
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前;
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后;
④如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化;
⑤当宾语从句的引导词是who、whom、whose、what、which、when、where、why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首。
宾语从句有哪些类型
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who,what,which等。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如:
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如:
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
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