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初中英语语法记忆口诀
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初中英语there be句型教学视频
1. there be结构的主谓一致
在英语里表示什么地方或时间存在什么事情就用此结构，句子的结尾往往带有地点状语或时间状语。其中there是引导词，本身没有词意，be是谓语动词，be后面的名词是主语。be的数与后面的名词一致，若be后是两个或多个并列的名词，be则与靠得最近的那个名词的数一致。如：
There was a meeting yesterday. 昨天有个会议。
There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和好些铅笔。
比较：There are two books, a pen and many pencils on the desk.
2. there be与have的比较
(1) 用法不同：there be 表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物，而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。
(2) 结构不同：there be + sb./sth. +时间/地点(副词或介词短语)；sb./sth. + have +sb./sth. else
There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。
She has three cars. 她拥有三辆汽车。(汽车是属于她的)
注：若是部分与整体关系时，有时用两种表达方式都可以。如：
A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。
3. there be的否定和疑问
(1) 否定式：be后面加not(any)或no。如：
There are not any boats on the river. 河上没有船。
(2) 疑问句：是把be移到there的前面来。如：
Are there any boat on the river? 河上有船吗？
Yes, there are..(No, there are not.) 有。（没有。）
注：若有别的助动词时就不一样了，请看：
There won’t be a football match tomorrow, will there? 明天没有足球赛，对吗？
There usedn’t to be a tall tree here, used/didn’t ther? 以前这里有棵高树，是不是？
There seems to be something wrong with you, doesn’t there? 你好像有些不舒服，对吗？
There happened to be a well there, didn’t there? 那里碰巧有口井，是不是？
4. there be结构的时态
there be结构有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。如：
There was a sport meeting in the playground yesterday. 昨天运动场举行了一场运动会。
There will be (=There is going to be) a new film show on Monday. 星期一将有一场新电影放。
There is to be a concert at the school hall. 学校礼堂有场音乐会。
There have been a lot of accidents round here. 这里已经发生多起事故了。
He told me that there had been an argument between them. 他告诉我们之间发生了一场争论。
There will have been a definite result by Friday. 到星期五前就已经有明确的结果了。
There must be a mistake somewhere. 一定在什么地方有错误。
There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下了雨，因为地是湿的。
5. there be结构的变体
该结构中，有时be还可以被live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等动词代替。如：
Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一个老人。
There remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩二十八英镑了。
There seems little doubt that he is insane. 似乎没有多少疑问他的神经不正常。
6. there be的非限定形式
there be的非限定形式是there to be和there being，主要用来做介词或动词的宾语、主语或状语。如：
Have you ever thought of there being so many interesting films for you to choose from?没想到过有这么多有趣的电影供你选择吧？
John was relying on there being another opportunity. 约翰相信另有机会。
There being a bus stop so near my house is a great advantage. 有公交车停在离我房子这么近的地方是很大的优势。
There having been no rain, the ground was dry. 由于没有下雨，地上很干燥。
It’s unusual for there to be so few people in the street. (=It’s unusual that there are so few people in the street) 这条街上这么少的人是不寻常的。
It was too late for there to be any subways. 太晚了，不会有地铁了。
Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem? 你们要开个会讨论一下这个问题吗?
I don’t want there to be a simple mistake in the article that I have written. 我不想我写的这篇文章中有错误。
I except there to be no argument about this. 我期限望对此事没有争论的。
注：there to be常做like, expect, mean, want, intend, prefer, hate等的复合宾语。
7. there be的固定句型
There be +名词或代词+to do (+介词) 有某事要做
There be + some/no+ trouble/difficulty ( in) doing sth/with sth. 做某事(没)有困难
There be + some/no + doubt about/as to sth / that… 对某事(没)有疑问
There is no sense/use/good/point (in) doing sth 做某事没有道理/用处/好处/意义
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth/that… (某人)做某事没有必要
There is no chance/possibility to do sth/of doing sth./that… 没有做某事的机会/可能性
There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争辩。
There is a time when...有做某事的一段时间
初中英语需要掌握的主谓一致——语法主谓一致写下需要注意的关联词等等
有关"主谓一致"的试题，在近几年的中考英语试题中以多种形式出现。如：单项选择、单句改错、短文改错、同义句转换、时态填空等，题型多样。不少学生对此类试题迷惑不解，望而生畏，不知从何下手。为了使同学们掌握它，现对初中英语中"主谓一致"的问题，归纳总结如下：
一、最基本的"主谓一致"规则
初中课本中最基本的"主谓一致"规则是："单则单，复则复"，即主语为单数时，谓语动词也用相应的单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词也用相应的复数形式。例如：I am a teacher. We are teachers.
但要注意：当表示时间、长度、距离、金钱、度量等词组作主语时，常将其看作是一个整体，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：Two years is quite a long time. Ten dollars is enough.另外，加减乘除也常当作整体对待，谓语动词也用单数形式。例如：Forty-one plus fifty-nine is one hundred. How much is ninety-nine minus sixty-two?
二、集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的使用
family, class, team等集体名词作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；但若指其成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The family is very big. Their family are watching TV now.
三、neither... nor..., either...or..., not...but...，not only... but also...等连词连接两个主语时，谓语动词的使用
这些连词连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。例如：Neither he nor I know anything about it. Not only the students but also the teacher has visited the museum.
there be…结构也属于此类。例如：There is a teacher?蒺s desk, a blackboard, some desks and some chairs in the classroom.但要注意：both…and…表示"……和……都"，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Both his father and mother are doctors.
四、两个主语用and连接时，谓语动词的使用
and连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Mary and Helen are good friends.但要注意：and连接的两个名词只表示一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：A singer and dancer is coming.一个歌手兼舞蹈家就要来了。
五、politics, physics, works, the United States, news, maths等词作主语时，谓语动词的使用
这类形式上为复数，意义上却是单数的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The news is very exciting. Physics is a bit difficult for me.但要注意有些名词，如：people(人；人们), police等则是形式为单数，意义是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：People there are very friendly.
六、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词的使用
1. something, everything, anything, nothing, everybody, anybody, nobody, everyone, anyone等复合不定代词，以及either, neither(neither of), each (each of), each one, no one, another等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Neither of the answers is right. Something is wrong with my computer.
2. both, few, a few, many, several, others作主语，或它们所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：A few people can live to 100, but few can live to 150. Both of them are in my class.
七、with, as well as, like等修饰的单数名词作主语，谓语动词的使用
单数名词作主语，且后面有with, as well as, like等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The teacher with his students has gone to the library. Is the woman like you your mother? The instrument as well as other spare parts is going to be airlifted soon. (该仪器以及其它一些备用件不久将空运。)
八、动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词的使用
动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：To eat in a fast food restaurant is cheap and saves time. Climbing hills is good exercise. What interests the workers most is better wages and working conditions. (工人们最关注的是好的工资待遇和工作条件。)
amount和quantity主谓一致的用法
一、最基本的"主谓一致"规则 初中课本中最基本的"主谓一致"规则是："单则单，复则复"，即主语为单数时，谓语动词也用相应的单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词也用相应的复数形式。例如：I am a teacher. We are teachers. 但要注意：当表示时间、长度、距离、金钱、度量等词组作主语时，常将其看作是一个整体，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：Two years is quite a long time. Ten dollars is enough.另外，加减乘除也常当作整体对待，谓语动词也用单数形式。例如：Forty-one plus fifty-nine is one hundred. How much is ninety-nine minus sixty-two? 二、集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的使用 family, class, team等集体名词作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；但若指其成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The family is very big. Their family are watching TV now. 三、neither... nor..., either...or..., not...but...，not only... but also...等连词连接两个主语时，谓语动词的使用 这些连词连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。例如：Neither he nor I know anything about it. Not only the students but also the teacher has visited the museum. there be…结构也属于此类。例如：There is a teacher?蒺s desk, a blackboard, some desks and some chairs in the classroom.但要注意：both…and…表示"……和……都"，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Both his father and mother are doctors. 四、两个主语用and连接时，谓语动词的使用 and连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Mary and Helen are good friends.但要注意：and连接的两个名词只表示一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：A singer and dancer is coming.一个歌手兼舞蹈家就要来了。 五、politics, physics, works, the United States, news, maths等词作主语时，谓语动词的使用 这类形式上为复数，意义上却是单数的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The news is very exciting. Physics is a bit difficult for me.但要注意有些名词，如：people(人；人们), police等则是形式为单数，意义是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：People there are very friendly. 六、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词的使用 1. something, everything, anything, nothing, everybody, anybody, nobody, everyone, anyone等复合不定代词，以及either, neither(neither of), each (each of), each one, no one, another等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Neither of the answers is right. Something is wrong with my computer. 2. both, few, a few, many, several, others作主语，或它们所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：A few people can live to 100, but few can live to 150. Both of them are in my class. 七、with, as well as, like等修饰的单数名词作主语，谓语动词的使用 单数名词作主语，且后面有with, as well as, like等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The teacher with his students has gone to the library. Is the woman like you your mother? The instrument as well as other spare parts is going to be airlifted soon. (该仪器以及其它一些备用件不久将空运。) 八、动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词的使用 动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：To eat in a fast food restaurant is cheap and saves time. Climbing hills is good exercise. What interests the workers most is better wages and working conditions. (工人们最关注的是好的工资待遇和工作条件。)
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