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语文中连词的用法和位置
连词是比副词、介词更虚的一个词类,用来连接词、短语、分句和句群乃至段落,具有纯连接性,没有修饰作用,也不充当句子成分。
一般说来,连词有很多是由副词、介词发展而来的;很多副词、介词又是由动词发展而来。连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步、递进、条件、目的等关系。
扩展资料
1、和
=跟、=与、=及、=同方>。表示并列关系、联合关系。
车上装的是机器和材料。他的胳膊和大腿都受伤了。工人和农民都是国家的主人。工业与农业。批评与自我批评。我同你一起去。图书、仪器、标本及其他。(注意:用“及”连接的成分多在词义上有主次之分,主要成分放在“及”的前面)
2、以及
连接并列的词或词组(“以及”前面往往是主要的):院子里种着大丽花、矢车菊、夹竹桃以及其他的花木。
3、既=既然
既来之,则安之。既然他不愿意,那就算了吧。既然知道做错了,就应该赶紧纠正。你既然一定要去,我也不便阻拦。既要做,就一定要做好。既然这样,还不去做?用在上半句话里,下半句话里往往用副词就、也、还跟他呼应,表示先提出前提,而后加以推论。
既然。。。就。。。既然。。。也。。。既然。。。还。。。
4、继而=既而
先是惊叹,既而大家一起欢呼起来。人们先是一惊,继而哄堂大笑。先是一个人领唱,继而全体跟着一起唱。表示紧随在某一情况或动作之后。
参考资料来源:百度百科-连词
连词种类及用法语文
楼主,您好一、连词分类: 1.并列连词:是指连接对等的词、词组和句子,而不是连接主句与从句的连词,如:and, both…and, neither…nor, not only…but also, as well as, but, however, while(而), still, yet, or, either…or, otherwise, so, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, hence, then,等。 2.从属连词:指连接主句与从句的连词,如:that, whether, if, before, after, as , as soon as, once, since, ever since, till, until, when, whenever,while, because, since, now that(既然), so…that, such…that, so that, in order that, as if, as though, though, although, even though, even ifno matter who/whoever/…,unless, as/so long as, in case(以防), lest(惟恐), provided, providing, (如果)supposed, supposing,(假使) 等。二、代词的分类1. 关系代词a) 有who, whom, whose, as, that和which, 是用来引起定语从句的。who, whom代表人,在从句中作主语时用who, 作宾语时用whom: There is a girl who wants to see you. 有一个姑娘想见你。 He is the man whom you asked to see. 他就是你要求见的人。 whose表示“他(她)的”,在从句中作定语: Do you know the girl whose painting won the first prize? 你认识那个作品赢得头奖的姑娘吗? 这些关系代词,一方面引起定语从句,修饰前面的那个名词,一方面在从句中担任一个成分。(who作主语,whom作宾语,whose作定语。) b) which代表事物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语:还可以代替整个句子; He told us a story which was very interesting. 他给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。 This is the book which I bought. 这就是我买的那本书。 that也可代表事物,在从句中作宾语: Have you got everything that you need? 你需要的东西都有吗? 在从句中作宾语的关系代词,有时可以省略:That’s the book I bought. 这就是我买的书。He is always late for school, which makes his teacher very angry.c) 关系代词as : As is known to all, the earth is round. The earth is round, as is known to all. 关于关系代词详见定语从句。2. 连接代词指引起从句的疑问代词,可用用来引起主语从句(a)、宾语从句(b)和表语从句(c): a. Who is to be sent there hasn’t been decided. 派谁去还没决定。 b. I don’t know who did it. 我不知道这是谁干的。 c. The question is what we should do next. 问题是下一步我们该怎么办。 what可有特殊意义,表示the thing which(…的东西),可作主语(a)、宾语(b)和表语(c): a. What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多练习。 b. Show me what you bought. 把你买的东西给我看看。 c. That’s what I heard. 这是我听到的情况。 这可以称作关系代词型的what。希望能帮到您,谢谢采纳!
英语连词有哪几类
连词(conj conjunction)是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为4类:并列连词.转折连词.选择连词和因果连词。连词也可以分为2类:并列连词和从属连词。
英语中连接词有哪些
一、概说
连词是一种虚词,用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子,在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子,如and, but, or, for等;从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等),引出名词性从句的连词如that, whether等,引出状语从句的连词如when, because, since, if 等。
二、并列连词的用法
1. 表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but, yet 等。如:
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who. 有人借了我的钢笔,但我不记得是谁了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us. 他说他是我们的朋友,但却不肯帮助我们。
2. 表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 for, so 等。如:
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor. 这孩子咳得很利害,所以他妈妈带他去看医生。
You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors. 你们一定要克服粗枝大叶,因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。
注意:for表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用。
3. 表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as 等。如:
He didn’t go and she didn’t go either. 他没去,她也没去。
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖,不冷也不热。
Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
It is important for you as well as for me. 这对你和对我都很重要。
People who are either under age or over age may not join the army. 年龄不到或者超龄的人都不得参军。
三、从属连词的用法
1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1) 表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如:
Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。
Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。
He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。
(2) 表示“在…之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after。如:
Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。
After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。
(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。如:
She’s been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。
Hold on until I fetch help. 坚持一下,等我找人来帮忙。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (谚)不要无事惹事。
(4) 表示“一…就”的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如:
I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。
The moment I have finished I’ll give you a call. 我一干完就给你打电话。
I came immediately I heard the news. 我一听到这个消息,马上就来了。
Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦开始, 便不可停下来。
(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次),each time(每次),(the) next time(下次),any time(随时),(the) last time(上次),the first time(第一次)。如:
I’ll tell him about it (the) next time I see him. 我下一次见到他时,我就把这个情况告诉他。
We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands. 每当我们洗手的时候,我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。
You can call me any time you want to. 你随时都可以给我打电话。
注意:every time, each time, any time前不用冠词,(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略,而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if, unless, as [so] long as, in case 等。如:
Do you mind if I open the window?我开窗你不介意吧?
Don’t come unless I telephone. 除非我打电话,否则你别来
As long as you’re happy,it doesn’t matter what you do. 只要你高兴,你做什么都没关系。
In case it rains they will stay at home. 万一下雨,他们就呆在家里。
注意:在条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态。不过,有时表示条件的 if之后可能用 will,但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。如:
If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here. 请稍坐, 我这就通知经理说您来了。
3. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要的有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如:
He raised his voice so that everyone could hear. 他提高了嗓音,以便每个人都能听见。
Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 带上雨伞,以防下雨。
She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand. 她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。
4. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要的有so that, so…that, such…that等。如:
I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat. 我去听演讲去得很早, 所以找个好座位。
I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤,以致于全身都是青一块紫一块的。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他关窗子用力很大, 结果玻璃震破了。
5. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。如:
He distrusted me because I was new. 他不信任我,因为我是新来的。
As you are sorry,I’ll forgive you. 既然你悔悟了,我就原谅你。
Since we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我们没钱,我们无法购买它。
Seeing that he’s ill he’s unlikely to come. 因为他病了,他大概不会来了。
Now that she has apologized, I am content. 既然她已经道了歉, 我也就满意了。
6. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等。如:
Although they are twins, they look entirely different. 他们虽是孪生, 但是相貌却完全不同。
I like her even though she can be annoying. 尽管她有时很恼人, 但我还是喜欢她。
You won’t move that stone, however strong you are. 不管你力气多大, 也休想搬动那块石头。
Whatever we have achieved, we owe to your support. 我们取得的一切成就都归功于你们的支持。
Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way. 不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。
Whenever I see him I speak to him. 每当我见到他,我都和他讲话。
7. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要的有as, as if, as though, the way等。如:
Why didn’t you catch the last bus as I told you to? 你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢?
He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber. 他将铁棍折弯,仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。
Nobody else loves you the way(=as) I do. 没有人像我这样爱你。
8. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等。如:
The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple. 这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。
I’ll take you anywhere you like. 你想到哪儿我就带你到哪儿。
Everywhere I go,I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里,我都发现同样情况。
9. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有than和as…as。如:
She was now happier than she had ever been. 现在她比过去任何时候都快活。
I glanced at my watch. It was earlier than I thought. 我看了看表,时间比我想像的早。
He doesn’t work as hard as she does. 他工作不像她那样努力。
10. 引起名词从句的从属连词。主要有that, whether, if 等,它们用于引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中that 不仅没不充当句子成分,而且没有词义,在句子中只起连接作用;而 if, whether 虽不充当句子成分,但有词义,即表示“是否”。如:
He replied that he was going by train. 他回答说他将坐火车去。
I wonder if it’s large enough. 我不知道它是否够大。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我为是否伤了她的感情而担心。
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