英语动词有四种形式:基本形式、第三人称单数形式、过去式和过去分词形式。基本形式通常以动词原型的词根加上“-ing”或“-s”构成。第三人称单数形式通常在动词原形后面加上“-s”或“-es”。过去式通常以动词原型的词根加上“-ed”构成,但有些动词的过去式是不规则的。过去分词形式通常以动词原型的词根加上“-ed”构成,用于完成时态和被动语态,但有些动词的过去分词形式也是不规则的。掌握这四种形式有助于理解和应用英语语法,提高英语语言能力。
基本形式
基本形式是动词的原形,通常以动词原型的词根加上“-ing”或“-s”构成。例如:
- walk (走) → walking (正在走) / walks (走)
- play (玩) → playing (正在玩) / plays (玩)
- study (学习) → studying (正在学习) / studies (学习)
第三人称单数形式
第三人称单数形式是指动词在第三人称单数时的形式,通常在动词原形后面加上“-s”或“-es”。例如:
- walk (走) → walks (走)
- play (玩) → plays (玩)
- study (学习) → studies (学习)
过去式
过去式是指动词在过去时态时的形式,通常以动词原型的词根加上“-ed”构成。例如:
- walk (走) → walked (走过)
- play (玩) → played (玩过)
- study (学习) → studied (学习过)
但是,有些动词的过去式是不规则的,需要记忆。例如:
- go (去) → went (去过)
- eat (吃) → ate (吃过)
- see (看) → saw (看过)
过去分词形式
过去分词形式是指动词在完成时态和被动语态时的形式,通常以动词原型的词根加上“-ed”构成。例如:
- walk (走) → walked (走过) → have walked (已经走过) / was walked (被走过)
- play (玩) → played (玩过) → have played (已经玩过) / was played (被玩过)
- study (学习) → studied (学习过) → have studied (已经学习过) / was studied (被学习过)
同样,有些动词的过去分词形式也是不规则的,需要记忆。例如:
- go (去) → gone (去过) → have gone (已经去过) / was gone (被去过)
- eat (吃) → eaten (吃过) → have eaten (已经吃过) / was eaten (被吃过)
- see (看) → seen (看过) → have seen (已经看过) / was seen (被看过)