英语语法中的关系代词主要有三种:that、which和who/whom,它们用于连接句子或句子中的两部分,使句子更清晰、连贯。"that"通常用于限定性定语从句,可以引导人或事物的从句;"which"用于非限定性定语从句,引导事物的从句;"who/whom"用于限定性定语从句,引导人的从句,其中"who"作主语,"whom"作宾语。掌握关系代词的用法,可以使英语表达更准确、自然。
that
that通常用于引导限定性定语从句,它可以用来引导代替人或事物的从句。例如:
- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。)
- The man that you saw in the park is my brother.(你在公园看到的那个人是我哥哥。)
which
which通常用于引导非限定性定语从句,它可以用来引导代替事物的从句。例如:
- My car, which is parked outside, needs a wash.(我的车子停在外面,需要洗一洗。)
- The movie, which won several awards, was released last year.(那部获得多个奖项的电影是去年上映的。)
who/whom
who/whom通常用于引导限定性定语从句,它可以用来引导代替人的从句。who用于作主语,而whom用于作宾语。例如:
- The girl who is singing on the stage is my sister.(台上唱歌的那个女孩是我妹妹。)
- The man whom I met yesterday is a famous writer.(昨天我遇见的那个人是一位著名的作家。)