英语中的关系代词包括"that"(可以代替人、事、物等,作为主语、宾语或定语);"which"(通常用来代替事物,作为非限制性定语从句的引导词);"who"(用来代替人,可以作为主语、宾语或定语);"whom"(用来代替人,可以作为宾语或定语);以及"whose"(用来表示所属关系,可以代替人或事物)。使用关系代词时,需要注意正确的使用方式和位置。
- that
that通常用来代替人、事、物等,它可以作主语、宾语或定语。例如:
- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。)
- The woman that I met yesterday is my neighbor.(我昨天遇到的那个女人是我的邻居。)
- He told me that he would come back soon.(他告诉我他很快会回来。)
- which
which通常用来代替事物,作为非限制性定语从句的引导词。例如:
- My car, which is very old, broke down on the way home.(我的车很旧,在回家的路上抛锚了。)
- The book, which was written by a famous author, is very popular.(这本书是由一位著名作家写的,非常受欢迎。)
- who
who通常用来代替人,它可以作主语、宾语或定语。例如:
- The man who is standing there is my uncle.(站在那里的那位男子是我的叔叔。)
- The girl who I met yesterday is very friendly.(我昨天遇到的那个女孩非常友好。)
- whom
whom通常用来代替人,它可以作宾语或定语。例如:
- The woman whom I talked to is a doctor.(我和那位女士交谈了,她是一名医生。)
- The boy whom I gave the book to is my nephew.(我把这本书给了那个男孩,他是我的侄子。)
- whose
whose通常用来表示所属关系,它可以代替人或事物。例如:
- The girl whose father is a doctor is very smart.(那个女孩的父亲是一名医生,她很聪明。)
- The car whose color is red belongs to my friend.(颜色是红色的那辆车是我朋友的。)