疑问代词在英语中有特殊的用法,包括特指某人或物,引导名词从句,以及提出问题或疑虑。例如,“which”和“who”可以特指某人或物,疑问代词可以引导名词从句表示“不管哪一个、无论谁”,也可以用于提出问题或疑虑,表示“为什么、怎么、到底、究竟”等含义。
1. 特指某个人或物
疑问代词“which”和“who”可以用来特指某个人或物,这时候它们的意思不再是“哪一个、谁”,而是“那一个、那个人”。例如:
- Which book did you read? (你读了哪一本书?)
- The book which I read was very interesting. (我读的那本书非常有趣。)
- Who is your teacher? (你的老师是谁?)
- The teacher who I talked to is very knowledgeable. (我跟那位老师交谈过,他非常有学问。)
2. 引导名词从句
疑问代词除了可以引导疑问句,还可以引导名词从句。这时候疑问代词的意思就不再是“哪一个、谁”等,而是“不管哪一个、无论谁”等。例如:
- Whoever comes to the party needs to bring a dish. (不管谁来参加聚会都需要带一道菜。)
- Whatever you do, please don't be late for the meeting. (你做什么都可以,只是不要迟到会议。)
- Whichever dress you choose, you will look beautiful. (你穿哪条裙子都会很漂亮。)
3. 用于提出问题或疑虑
除了引导疑问句和名词从句,疑问代词还可以用于提出问题或疑虑。这时候疑问代词的意思就是“为什么、怎么、到底、究竟”等。例如:
- Why did you do that? (你为什么那么做?)
- How can we improve our English? (我们该怎么提高英语水平?)
- What exactly do you mean by that? (你到底是什么意思?)
- Who on earth would do such a thing? (究竟是谁会做这种事情?)