过去分词在英语语法中表示已完成的动作，也常用于形成固定短语，如"broken-hearted"（非常伤心）,"well-known"（广为人知）,"loved ones"（亲人或爱人）,"spoken for"（已被预定）,"dressed up"（穿着漂亮）,"mixed up"（混淆）,"torn apart"（被撕成碎片）和"made up"（编造）等。理解这些短语的含义和用法在日常生活中非常重要。
现在分词和过去分词的区别
在深入了解这些短语之前，我们需要了解一下现在分词和过去分词的区别。现在分词通常用于表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词则用于表示已经完成的动作。例如， "running" 是现在分词，而 "run" 是过去分词。
常见的过去分词短语
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broken-hearted：意思是非常伤心或失望。例如， "She was broken-hearted when she didn't get the job."
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well-known：意思是广为人知的。例如， "The Eiffel Tower is a well-known landmark in Paris."
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loved ones：意思是亲人或爱人。例如， "She spent the holidays with her loved ones."
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spoken for：意思是已经被预定或被占有。例如， "All of the tickets for the concert are already spoken for."
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dressed up：意思是穿着漂亮或正式。例如， "I need to get dressed up for the wedding."
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mixed up：意思是混淆或弄错。例如， "I think you have the files mixed up."
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torn apart：意思是被撕成碎片或分裂。例如， "The toy was torn apart by the dog."
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made up：意思是编造或虚构。例如， "He made up an excuse for being late."
