被动语态是英语语法的重要部分,包括简单被动语态、进行被动语态、完成被动语态和完成进行被动语态。简单被动语态用于描述被动的行为或状态,进行被动语态用于描述正在进行的被动行为或状态,完成被动语态用于描述已完成的被动行为或状态,完成进行被动语态用于描述已完成且正在进行的被动行为或状态。
简单被动语态
简单被动语态的结构为“be+过去分词”,常用于描述被动的行为或状态。例如:
- The book was written by a famous author.(这本书是由一位著名的作者写的。)
- The movie is being watched by millions of people.(这部电影正在被数百万人观看。)
- The cake has been eaten by my sister.(这个蛋糕已经被我姐姐吃掉了。)
进行被动语态
进行被动语态的结构为“be+being+过去分词”,用于描述正在进行中的被动行为或状态。例如:
- The house is being painted by the workers.(这栋房子正在被工人们粉刷。)
- The car is being repaired by a mechanic.(这辆车正在被一名机械师修理。)
- The food is being cooked by my mother.(这道菜正在被我妈妈烹饪。)
完成被动语态
完成被动语态的结构为“have/has/had+been+过去分词”,用于描述已经完成的被动行为或状态。例如:
- The letter has been sent by the post office.(这封信已经被邮局寄出了。)
- The package had been delivered before I got home.(这个包裹在我回家之前已经被送到了。)
- The report has been reviewed by the boss.(这份报告已经被老板审核过了。)
完成进行被动语态
完成进行被动语态的结构为“have/has/had+been+being+过去分词”,用于描述已经完成且正在进行中的被动行为或状态。例如:
- The project has been being developed for months.(这个项目已经开发了数月。)
- The room had been being cleaned when the guests arrived.(客人到达时,这个房间正在被打扫。)
- The plan has been being discussed by the team for hours.(这个计划已经被团队讨论了数小时。)