英语动词的过去式变化规则主要有三类:加-ed,变元音和不规则变化。大部分动词在词尾加-ed,以e结尾的动词只需加-d。以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加-ed,以辅音字母加e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ed,以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的双音节动词,需先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。有些动词的过去式形式是不规则的,需要特别记忆。
加-ed
在大部分情况下,动词过去式的变化是在词尾加上-ed,如:
- work -> worked
- play -> played
- watch -> watched
需要注意的是,以e结尾的动词只需加-d,如:
- love -> loved
- dance -> danced
变元音
对于以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加-ed,如:
- study -> studied
- carry -> carried
以辅音字母加e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ed,如:
- like -> liked
- bake -> baked
而以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的双音节动词,则需先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:
- stop -> stopped
- plan -> planned
不规则变化
有些动词的过去式形式是不规则的,需要特别记忆,如:
- be -> was/were
- have -> had
- go -> went
- eat -> ate
- see -> saw