关系代词在英语中非常重要,包括that, who, whom, whose, which等,可以作为主语、宾语或定语。在使用时,需要注意区分that和which的用法,前者用于限制性定语从句,后者用于非限制性定语从句。此外,还需注意who和whom的人称区别,前者代替主语,后者代替宾语。
基本概念
关系代词包括:that, who, whom, whose, which。它们在句子中可以作为主语、宾语或定语。
例如:
- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.
- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
- The man whose car was stolen reported the crime to the police.
区分使用
在使用关系代词时,我们需要注意区分使用that和which。
- That通常用来引导限制性定语从句,也就是对先行词进行限定,去掉定语从句整个句子就没有意义。
- Which通常用来引导非限制性定语从句,也就是对先行词进行补充说明,去掉定语从句整个句子仍然有意义。
例如:
- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(指的是特定的书,如果去掉定语从句,就不知道是哪本书了)
- The book, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.(指的是“这本书”,去掉定语从句整个句子仍然有意义)
注意人称
在使用who和whom时,我们需要注意人称的不同。Who用来代替主语,而whom用来代替宾语。
例如:
- The man who is standing over there is my father.
- The woman whom I met yesterday is a doctor.