宾语从句是英语语法中的重要句型,常用的引导词包括"that"、"if/whether"、"wh-"词和"whether or not"。"that"可以引导陈述句、疑问句和感叹句;"if/whether"表示“是否”,其中"if"常用于条件句,"whether"常用于间接疑问句;"wh-"词包括who、whom、whose、what、which、when、where、why和how;"whether or not"表示“是否”,通常只用于肯定句。
1. that
that是最常用的宾语从句引导词,可以引导陈述句、疑问句和感叹句作为宾语。例如:
- I think that he is a good person.(我认为他是个好人。)
- Do you know that she is coming to visit us?(你知道她要来拜访我们吗?)
- It's amazing that we won the game.(我们赢得比赛真是太棒了。)
2. if/whether
if和whether都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”。if通常用于条件句中,而whether则更常用于间接疑问句中。例如:
- She asked if/whether I had seen the movie.(她问我是否看过这部电影。)
- Tell me if/whether you want to go with us.(告诉我你是否想和我们一起去。)
3. wh-词
wh-词包括who、whom、whose、what、which、when、where、why和how,它们都可以用来引导宾语从句。例如:
- I don't know who/whom she is.(我不知道她是谁。)
- Can you tell me where the nearest post office is?(你能告诉我最近的邮局在哪里吗?)
- He asked me how I was feeling.(他问我感觉怎么样。)
4. whether or not
whether or not可以用来引导宾语从句,表示“是否”。与if/whether不同的是,whether or not通常只用于肯定句中。例如:
- They will come to the party, whether or not it rains.(不管下不下雨,他们都会来参加聚会。)