英语中的定语从句可以使用"what"和"which"来引导,但用法有所不同。"what"常用于对整个句子的提问,如"I don't understand what he is saying.",而"which"用于对特定事物的提问,如"Which book do you like best?"。"which"通常只用于可数名词。理解这些用法可以帮助更好地理解和运用英语中的定语从句。
what
what可以用来引导对整个句子的提问,表示“什么”,常用于以下结构中:
- The thing(s)/person(s)/idea(s)/fact(s)/situation(s)/event(s)/reason(s)/plan(s)/problem(s)/question(s)...+ what + 条件/介词短语/从句
例如:
- I don't understand what he is saying.(我不明白他在说什么。)
- What he said is true.(他说的是真的。)
- I have no idea what she wants.(我不知道她想要什么。)
which
which可以用来引导对特定事物的提问,表示“哪一个”,常用于以下结构中:
- The thing(s)/person(s)/idea(s)/fact(s)/situation(s)/event(s)/reason(s)/plan(s)/problem(s)/question(s)...+ which + 主语/定语从句/介词短语/非限制性定语从句
例如:
- Which book do you like best?(你最喜欢哪一本书?)
- The book, which is on the table, is mine.(那本在桌子上的书是我的。)
- The company, which is located in New York, is hiring.(那家位于纽约的公司正在招聘。)
需要注意的是,which通常只用于可数名词,而不适用于不可数名词。