名词性从句在英语语法中充当名词的作用,常用的连接词包括"that"、"whether/if"、"what"、"who/whom"以及"where/when/why"。这些连接词可以用于主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句中,其使用需要根据具体情况灵活运用。
1. that
“that”是最常用的名词性从句连接词之一,可用于主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。例如:
- 主语从句:That he succeeded in passing the exam surprised everyone.
- 宾语从句:I know that he is a doctor.
- 表语从句:The fact that he is a doctor surprised me.
2. whether/ if
“whether”和“if”都可以用于主语从句和宾语从句,表示“是否”。例如:
- 主语从句:Whether he will come to the party is still uncertain.
- 宾语从句:I wonder if he will come to the party.
需要注意的是,在宾语从句中,“if”通常只用于非正式场合。
3. what
“what”可用于表语从句和宾语从句中,表示“什么”。例如:
- 表语从句:What matters most is your attitude.
- 宾语从句:I don't know what he wants.
4. who/ whom
“who”和“whom”可用于主语从句和宾语从句中,表示“谁”。需要注意的是,“whom”通常用于正式场合。例如:
- 主语从句:Whoever comes to the party should bring a gift.
- 宾语从句:I don't know whom he invited to the party.
5. where/ when/ why
“where”、“when”和“why”分别表示“在哪里”、“何时”和“为什么”,可用于表语从句和宾语从句中。例如:
- 表语从句:The reason why he left the company is still unknown.
- 宾语从句:I don't remember when we met each other for the first time.