现在完成时和过去完成时是英语中常用的两种时态,它们的使用中,时间标志非常重要。现在完成时的时间标志包括"刚刚"、"已经"、"还"、"曾经"、"从未"、"最近"、"到目前为止"等。过去完成时的时间标志包括"之前"、"之后"、"到...时"、"已经"、"刚刚"、"还"、"从未"、"曾经"等。掌握这些时间标志,能够更好地理解这两种时态的使用和含义。
现在完成时的时间标志
现在完成时通常使用以下时间标志:
- just(刚刚)
- already(已经)
- yet(还)
- ever(曾经)
- never(从未)
- recently(最近)
- lately(最近)
- so far(到目前为止)
- up to now(到现在为止)
例如:
- I have just finished my homework.(我刚刚完成了我的作业。)
- They have already left for the airport.(他们已经去机场了。)
- Have you finished your report yet?(你完成报告了吗?)
- Have you ever been to Paris?(你去过巴黎吗?)
- I have never tasted sushi before.(我以前从未尝过寿司。)
- She has recently started a new job.(她最近开始了一份新工作。)
- He has been studying hard up to now.(他到现在为止都一直在努力学习。)
过去完成时的时间标志
过去完成时通常使用以下时间标志:
- before(之前)
- after(之后)
- by the time(到...时)
- already(已经)
- just(刚刚)
- yet(还)
- never(从未)
- ever(曾经)
例如:
- I had finished my work before he arrived.(他到达之前我已经完成了我的工作。)
- She had already left when I arrived.(我到达时,她已经离开了。)
- By the time we got to the cinema, the film had already started.(我们到电影院的时候,电影已经开始了。)
- I had never seen such a beautiful sunset before.(我从未见过如此美丽的日落。)
- They had just finished dinner when the phone rang.(电话响时,他们刚刚吃完晚饭。)