定语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,用于修饰名词或代词。其基本句型结构包括关系代词+be动词,关系代词+动词,关系代词+介词,以及关系代词的省略。理解这些句型结构对于提高英语表达能力非常重要。
定语从句的基本句型结构如下:
1.关系代词+be动词
关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which和as在定语从句中可以充当主语或宾语,在句子中通常放在be动词之后。
例如:
- The man who is talking to John is my boss. (who作主语)
- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (that作宾语)
2.关系代词+动词
当关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时,它需要与定语从句中的谓语动词保持一致。
例如:
- The girl who loves playing basketball is very talented. (who作主语)
3.关系代词+介词
当定语从句中的关系代词在介词后面时,需要使用介词+关系代词的结构。
例如:
- The house in which he lived was very old. (which作介词宾语)
4.关系代词省略
在定语从句中,关系代词有时可以省略,但是需要根据句子的情况来判断。
例如:
- The man I saw yesterday is my neighbor. (省略了关系代词that)