本文目录
非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念,指的是不具备时态和主语变化的动词形式。根据其用法和形式,非谓语动词可以分为三类:动词不定式、动名词和分词。
动词不定式
动词不定式是由 to + 动词原形构成的,可以作为名词、形容词或副词的补语,也可以在句子中作主语、宾语或宾语补足语。例如:
- To learn English well is my goal. (作主语)
- I want to improve my English. (作宾语)
- It's important to study hard. (作形容词的补语)
- He speaks English fluently to communicate with foreigners. (作副词的补语)
动名词
动名词是由动词的-ing形式构成的,可以作为名词、形容词或副词的补语,也可以在句子中作主语、宾语或宾语补足语。例如:
- Swimming is good exercise. (作主语)
- I enjoy reading books. (作宾语)
- She is interested in learning English. (作形容词的补语)
- He ran away, fearing the police. (作副词的补语)
分词
分词分为现在分词(-ing形式)和过去分词(-ed或不规则形式),可以作为形容词或副词的补语,也可以在句子中作定语、表语或状语。例如:
- The running water is very clean. (作定语)
- I saw a broken window. (作定语)
- She is excited about the news. (作表语)
- He drove the car carefully, avoiding accidents. (作状语)
总之,掌握非谓语动词的用法对于学好英语语法和提高英语水平都非常重要。