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非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它可以引导从句,使句子更加完整和清晰。非谓语动词有三种形式:动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式和不定式,它们可以分别引导现在分词从句、过去分词从句和不定式从句。
现在分词从句
现在分词从句通常由动词-ing形式引导,它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,例如:
- Smoking is harmful to health.(抽烟对健康有害。)
- He enjoys swimming in the sea.(他喜欢在海里游泳。)
- The children, laughing and playing, were very happy.(孩子们笑着玩着,非常开心。)
过去分词从句
过去分词从句通常由动词-ed形式引导,它可以作定语和状语等,例如:
- The book written by him is very popular.(他写的书非常受欢迎。)
- Having finished his homework, he went to bed.(他完成了作业,就去睡觉了。)
- The door opened, and a man came in.(门开了,一个人进来了。)
不定式从句
不定式从句通常由不定式形式引导,它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,例如:
- To learn English well is very important.(学好英语非常重要。)
- She promised to help me with my work.(她答应帮我做工作。)
- I need a book to read on the train.(我需要一本在火车上读的书。)
总之,非谓语动词引导的从句是英语语法中非常重要的一部分,掌握它们的用法和用途可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语。