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在英语写作中,偷换主语(Subject-Verb Agreement Error)是一种很常见的语病类型。偷换主语的语病指的是主语与谓语之间在数上不一致,即主语的单复数形式与其所对应的谓语形式不符。这种语病会给读者带来一种不舒适的感觉,并且会降低文章的可读性。
以下是几种常见的偷换主语的语病类型:
1. 单数主语与复数谓语的不一致
这种语病类型是最常见的,它通常出现在作者使用“each”、“every”或者“either/neither”等词时。例如:
- Each of the students were excited for the field trip. (应该改为:Each of the students was excited for the field trip.)
- Every one of the books have been checked out. (应该改为:Every one of the books has been checked out.)
- Neither the teacher nor the students know the answer. (应该改为:Neither the teacher nor the students knows the answer.)
2. 复数主语与单数谓语的不一致
这种语病类型通常出现在作者使用“news”、“mathematics”或者“politics”等词时。例如:
- The news is not good today. (应该改为:The news are not good today.)
- Mathematics is my favorite subject. (应该改为:Mathematics are my favorite subject.)
- Politics is a sensitive topic. (应该改为:Politics are a sensitive topic.)
3. 主语中包含“and”或“or”的不一致
当主语中有“and”或“or”等连词时,作者需要注意主语的单复数形式与其所对应的谓语形式是否一致。例如:
- The cake and the cookies was delicious. (应该改为:The cake and the cookies were delicious.)
- The teacher or the students is responsible for the mistake. (应该改为:The teacher or the students are responsible for the mistake.)
在写作时,我们需要注意主语与谓语的一致性,以避免偷换主语的语病。这需要我们在写作中仔细审查句子,确保主语与谓语在数上一致,从而提高文章的可读性和准确性。