被动语态是英语中的一种重要的语法形式,它用来表达主语是被动接受某种动作或影响的情况。而当被动语态后加介词时,会形成一种被动语态的介词短语,通常包括介词和宾语两个成分。那么这种被动语态的介词短语到底是什么成分呢?
首先,被动语态的介词短语通常用来表示动作的目的、方式、时间、地点等,因此它可以在句子中作为状语、定语或补语出现。例如:
- The book was written by him. (介词短语作定语)
- The meeting was held in the conference room. (介词短语作地点状语)
- The car was fixed by the mechanic yesterday. (介词短语作时间状语)
其次,被动语态的介词短语通常可以转化为主动语态的不定式结构,也就是说介词短语中的宾语可以作为主动语态的动词不定式的主语。例如:
- The book was written by him. (被动语态)
- He wrote the book. (主动语态不定式结构)
最后,被动语态的介词短语还可以与其他部分构成复合结构,例如被动语态的介词短语和主语构成主语从句、和谓语动词构成宾语从句等。例如:
- Whether the meeting was held in the conference room or not is still unknown. (被动语态的介词短语和主语构成主语从句)
- She doesn't know when the car was fixed by the mechanic. (被动语态的介词短语和谓语动词构成宾语从句)
综上所述,被动语态加介词后形成的介词短语可以在句子中作为状语、定语或补语出现,它可以转化为主动语态的不定式结构,还可以与其他部分构成复合结构。因此,了解被动语态的介词短语的语法成分及其用法可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语语法。