英语中,to do和doing都可以作为结果状语,表示某个行为所产生的结果或后果。但是,它们的用法和含义有所不同。
to do
to do是不定式形式,表示“要做某事”或“已经做了某事”。它通常用在句子末尾,直接跟在动词之后。例如:
- I have a lot of homework to do tonight.(我今晚有很多作业要做。)
- He forgot to do his chores yesterday.(他昨天忘记做家务了。)
- She always makes a list of things to do before going on vacation.(她总是在去度假之前列一张要做的事情清单。)
to do作为结果状语时,强调的是完成某个动作所带来的结果或影响。例如:
- She studied hard to do well on the exam.(她努力学习,为的是在考试中取得好成绩。)
- He worked overtime to finish the project on time.(他加班工作,为的是按时完成这个项目。)
doing
doing是现在分词形式,表示“正在做某事”。它通常用在句子中间,作为一个非限定性修饰语。例如:
- The kids are doing their homework in the living room.(孩子们正在客厅里做作业。)
- I saw John doing some shopping at the mall.(我看到约翰在商场里购物。)
- She was caught doing something she shouldn't have been doing.(她被发现做了一些不应该做的事情。)
doing作为结果状语时,强调的是正在进行的动作所带来的结果或影响。例如:
- He's always talking on his phone while driving, and it's really dangerous.(他总是边开车边打电话,这非常危险。)
- She's been working on this project all week, and it's starting to show results.(她这个星期一直在做这个项目,现在开始显示出成果了。)
总之,to do和doing都可以用作结果状语,但它们的用法和含义有所不同。需要根据具体语境来判断使用哪种形式。