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定语从句是英语中一个重要的语法结构,它可以用来修饰名词或代词,使句子更加精练、清晰。定语从句根据引导词的不同,可以分为三类。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词包括that, who, whom, whose和which。当关系代词引导定语从句时,它在从句中作为从句的主语、宾语、定语或者表语。
例如:
- The man who is standing over there is my boss. (who在从句中作为主语)
- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (that在从句中作为宾语)
2.关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词包括where, when和why。当关系副词引导定语从句时,它在从句中作为时间、地点或原因的修饰语。
例如:
- This is the hotel where we stayed last summer. (where在从句中作为地点的修饰语)
- Do you remember the day when we first met? (when在从句中作为时间的修饰语)
3.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词包括in which, for whom, on whose等。当介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词+关系代词在从句中作为介词的宾语。
例如:
- This is the company in which my father works. (in which在从句中作为介词in的宾语)
- The lady on whose lap the cat is sitting is my neighbor. (on whose在从句中作为介词on的宾语)
总之,掌握定语从句的分类和用法,可以帮助我们更好地理解英语语法,提高英语语言表达能力。