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英语中的从句是指一个句子中包含一个或多个子句。从句可以用来修饰主句,或者作为主句的一部分,以便更好地表达意思。英语中常见的从句类型有三种:名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
名词性从句
名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色,可以作为主语、宾语或表语。常见的名词性从句包括:
主语从句
主语从句在句子中作为主语出现,通常以“that”或“whether/if”引导。例如:
- That he is late is a serious problem.
- Whether we go to the beach or stay home depends on the weather.
宾语从句
宾语从句在句子中作为宾语出现,通常以动词后面的“that”或“whether/if”引导。例如:
- I know that he is busy today.
- She asked whether/if I had finished my homework.
表语从句
表语从句在句子中作为表语出现,通常以“that”或“whether/if”引导。例如:
- The fact that he is coming to the party makes me happy.
- Her biggest concern is whether/if she will pass the exam.
形容词性从句
形容词性从句在句子中作为形容词出现,修饰一个名词或代词。通常以“that”或“who/whom/whose”引导。例如:
- The book that I am reading is very interesting.
- The girl who/whom/whose father is a doctor is my friend.
副词性从句
副词性从句在句子中作为副词出现,修饰整个句子或其中的一个词。根据其作用不同,副词性从句可以分为不同类型,例如:
时间从句
时间从句表示一个动作发生的时间,通常以“when/while/as/since/until/before/after”等引导。例如:
- I will call you when I arrive at the airport.
- While I was studying, my phone rang.
地点从句
地点从句表示一个动作发生的地点,通常以“where”引导。例如:
- I don't know where he lives.
- We will meet at the place where we had our first date.
原因从句
原因从句表示一个动作发生的原因,通常以“because/since/as”等引导。例如:
- She couldn't come to the party because she was sick.
- Since it's raining outside, we will stay indoors.
结果从句
结果从句表示一个动作的结果,通常以“so/so that”等引导。例如:
- He studied hard, so he passed the exam.
- I will speak slowly so that you can understand me.
总之,英语中的从句类型多种多样,运用灵活。我们可以根据句子的需要,选择不同类型的从句,以便更好地表达意思。