定语从句是英语语法中非常常见的一种从句。在定语从句中,关系词在从句中扮演非常重要的角色。本文将着重介绍定语从句关系词在从句中的成分。
定语从句关系词通常有三种:that, which和who/whom。在从句中,它们分别扮演主语、宾语和表语的角色。
首先,当关系词在从句中作主语时,通常用that或者who/whom。例如:
- The man who is standing over there is my neighbor.(那个站在那边的人是我的邻居。)
- The book that I borrowed from the library is really interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。)
其次,当关系词在从句中作宾语时,通常用that或者which。例如:
- This is the car that I bought last year.(这辆车是我去年买的。)
- The dress which she is wearing tonight is very beautiful.(她今晚穿的那条裙子非常漂亮。)
最后,当关系词在从句中作表语时,通常用which。例如:
- Her new job, which is very challenging, requires her to work long hours.(她的新工作非常有挑战性,需要她加班。)
- The reason why he couldn't come to the party, which was because he was sick, was understandable.(他不能来参加聚会的原因是因为他生病了,这是可以理解的。)
总之,在定语从句中,关系词的成分在从句中是非常重要的。只有了解它们的作用,才能更好地理解和运用定语从句。