本文目录
it形式主语和形式宾语的结构
当it做形式宾语时，常替代动词不定式短语或宾语从句，其结构为：主语+谓语动词+it+adj/n+to do sth/that……，it偶尔也替代动名词。
常用于此结构的及物动词有believe/feel/find/make/consider/think/suppose/regard等。
例：
I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。
I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。
We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。
it作形式宾语的句型及造句
It 用作形式宾语：当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。it 作形式宾语多用于下列句型中。
1、当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）。例如：
They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。
He makes it a rule never to borrow money. 他立志决不向别人借钱。
I think it no need talking about it with them. 我认为没必要跟他们谈。
2、某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句。例如
I don’t like it that he’s so lazy. 我不喜欢他那么懒惰。
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. 我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。
3、that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语。例如：
You may depend on it that we shall always help you.尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。
Would you see to it that she gets home early? 你负责保证她早到家，好吗？
He insisted on it that he was innocent. 他坚持说自己是无辜的。
4、由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。例如：
I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.我让你自己判断这事是否该做。
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。
扩展资料：
It除了用作代词表示指代意义以外，还可以用作形式主语，It 用作形式主语：
1、当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。例如：
It is wrong to tell a lie. 说谎是错误的。
2、It 作形式主语的常见句型
It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that ….。例如：It is very important to learn a foreign language. 学一门外语非常重要。
It + be +名词词组 + doing / that ….，例如：It is no good telling lies. 撒谎没好处。
3、It + be + 过去分词 + that ….：该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.。例如：
It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. 据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。
4、It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that ….。例如：It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。
5、若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。例如：Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很重要吗？
6、It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。例如：
It took me some time to read the reading materials.我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。
英语中的6123结构是指
"6123结构"是指用不定式、动名词短语和that引导的从句作宾语，带名词或形容词作宾补时，使用it作形式宾语的复合宾语结构。
标准化英语的中心似乎在林赛附近的中部地区，以及在公元920年林赛（Lindsey）重新并入盎格鲁-撒克逊政体后，北欧语的功能便从那里传播到了英语版本中，而这些语言并未与北欧语者直接接触。
如今，在所有英语变种中，挪威语影响力一直存在的要素是以th-（他们，他们，他们的）开头的代词组，这些代词以h-（即他，他，hera）代替了盎格鲁-撒克逊人代词。
中古英语：
从8世纪到12世纪，古英语通过语言接触逐渐转变为中古英语。中古英语往往是随意定义为开始英格兰的征服由法国诺曼公爵征服者威廉在1067年，但它从1210-1550期间进一步发展。
首先，在第8和第9世纪英伦三岛北部地区的北欧殖民的浪潮把古英语与激烈的接触古斯堪的纳维亚语，一个北日耳曼语言。在约克的丹尼劳地区讲的东北古英语中，北欧的影响最大。时至今日，这些功能在苏格兰语和北英语中仍然尤为突出。
it的五大句型是什么?
你好！it的句型很多的。
1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ...
该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.
It was in the street that I met her father.
2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语”直到．．．才．．．”，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain....) that .....
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为”清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ...
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。
It is important that we (should) learn English well.
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported, learned....) that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为”据说（据报道，据悉．．．）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is suggested ( ordered ... ) that ...
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为”据建议；有命令．．．）
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.
It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为”竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ...
该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟．② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为”是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．”。
It is time that children should go to bed.
= It is time that children went to bed.
9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that ...
该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换．常译为”是一（二）．．．次．．．”。
It is the first time I have been here.
= This is the first time I have been here.
10. It is .... since ...
该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。
It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.
11. It is ... when ...
该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为”当．．．的时候，是．．．”。
It was 5 o’clock when he came here.
12. It be ... before ...
该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为”．．．之后．．．”。
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.
It will be not long before he finishes his job.
13. It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that...
该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen , seem等词是不及物动词．
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．
It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
14. It takes sb. ... to do sth.
该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为”做．．．要花费某人．．．”。
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
15. It is no good (use ) doing sth.
该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
16. It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ...
该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为 ”不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。
It doesn’t matter if they are old.
17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.
该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good （好心的）, honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教养的）, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth.
It is kind of you to say so.
= You are kind to say so.
18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.
该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：① important, necessary, natural ② easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。
在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：
It is important for her to come to the party.
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party
19. It looks ( seems ) as if ...
该句型中it无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，”看起来好象．．．”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气．
It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）
It looks as if he were ill. （没有生病）
It seemed as if he were dying.
20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。
6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；
1指的是形式宾语it；
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
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