本文目录
主语从句用what 还是that
从句中that 和what的区别:
一、引导主语从句
that与what都可引导主语从句,that在从句中不作句子成分,但不能省略。what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,不能省略。如:
What he said at the meeting was very important.他在会上所说的非常重要。(宾语)
What surprised us is that he did it alone.使我们吃惊的是他一个人做了那项工作。(主语)
That he did it alone surprised us.他独自完成了那项工作使我们感到吃惊。(that用来引导主语从句,在句中不作成分)
二、引导宾语从句
that与what都可引导宾语从句,that在从句中不作句子成分,一般情况下可以省略,但当有两个以上的宾语从句时,只能省掉第一个that。what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,不能省略。如:
They stopped to see what was happening.他们停下来看发生了什么事情。(主语)
The teacher got angry because of what the boy had done.那个男孩子做的事情让老师很生气。(what在宾语从句中作宾语)
All the people believed that it was right to rescue the temple.所有的人都认为拯救古庙是正确的。(that在宾语从句中不作句子成分且可省略)
We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well and that when we discover what this something is we must work hard at it until we succeed.我们必须相信,我们每一个人都能把某件事情办好;而且,当我们发现这事情是什么的时候,我们就必须努力干下去,直到成功为止。(第一个that可省略,第二个that不能省略)
三、引导表语从句
that与what都可引导表语从句,that在从句中不作句子成分,且不能省略;what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,不能省略。如:
Mary is no longer what she used to be.玛丽不再是从前那样了。(what在表语从句中作表语)
The question is what we should do to prevent him from going.问题是我们怎样做才能阻止他去。(what在表语从句中作动词do的宾语)
The reason why he didn’t come today is that his mother is ill.他今天没来的原因是他母亲病了。(that只起连接作用)
四、引导同位语从句
that与what都可引导同位语从句修饰表示抽象概念的名词,对所修饰的名词的具体内容进行详细阐述。这类名词有:fact, idea, news, hope, belief, promise, thought, suggestion, proposal等。that在从句中不作句子成分,但不能省略。what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,不能省略。如:
I have no idea what we should do next.我不知道我们下一步该做什么。(宾语)
He made a promise that he would study hard.他许诺要努力学习。(that只起连接作用)
The boy expressed his hope that he would be a pilot when he grows up.那个男孩儿表达了他长大后想当一名飞行员的愿望。(that只起连接作用)
五、引导定语从句
that可引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语或宾语,that既可指人也可指物。that在从句中作宾语时可省略。如:
This is one of the buildings that were built last year.这是去年建的楼房之一。(that在定语从句中作主语,指物,不能省略。)
The doctor that you met in the street yesterday came here 20 years ago.你昨天在街上遇到的那位医生二十年前就来到这里了。(that 在从句中作宾语,指人并可省略。)
注意:what不能引导定语从句。如不能说:
1.He did all what he could to save the patient.
2.All what he needs is more time.
应将句中的what改为that,或去掉what,还可以将以上两句中的all去掉,但两句的结构发生了根本的改变:句1中的what引导宾语从句,句2中的what引导主语从句。
六、引导状语从句
so...that, such...that, so that结构引导状语从句。what不能引导状语从句,但whatever, no matter what可引导让步状语从句。如:
He made such rapid progress in English that before long he could write articles for an American newspaper.他的英语进步很快,不久就能为美国的一家报社写文章了。
Put the little plants in the shade so that the sun won’t burn them.请把幼苗放在阴凉处以免太阳晒枯它们。
Don’t believe himno matter what he says.无论他说什么,都不要相信他。
what在宾语从句中可以做主语吗
可以用在包括主语从句的各类名词从句。
1、what 称作关系代词型连接代词,相当于“先行名词 + 关系代词”,意思是“所…的”。如:
what he said 他所说的(话)【= something that he said】
what we will do 我们所要做的(事情)【= things which we will do】
what he has read 他所读过的(书/文章)【= a book或 an aricle he has read】
2、what 可以用来引导名词性从句,包括宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。例如:
I don’t understand what you have said. 我不明白你所说的。(宾语从句)【= I don’t understand the word that you have said.】
What you told me just now is not true. 你刚才所告诉我的不是真的。(主语从句)【= The story which you told me just now is not true.】
This is what he sent me yesterday. 这就是他昨天所寄给我的。(表语从句)【This is the parcel/letter which he sent me yesterday】
The fact what the reporter published in the newspaper yesterday has been taken air. 记者在昨天报上所披露消息的真相已经传开了。(同位语从句)【The fact, the news that the reporter published in the newspaper yesterday, has been taken air.】
3、出现在宾语、主语、表语或同位语位置的从句称作宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。跟在先行词(名词或代词)后,用作该先行词后置定语的句子称作定语从句;what 从句不能用作定语从句(你可以通过我所举例子后方括号中的改写认识什么是定语从句)
it做形式主语that引导真正的主语从句的句子加翻译
楼主哎,这两个是风马牛不相及,两码事,我给你说说。
itiseasytoreadabook
it这里是形式主语。真正的主语是toreadabook,所以这句话可以改为
toreadabookiseasy.(读书很简单)
但是,外国人不喜欢把长长的主语放在句首,显得麻烦。所以这时候,形式主语就“应运而生”了。
what引导的主语从句:
whatyousaidiswrong.
whatyousaid就是主语,这个主语就是由what引导的从句。
明白了么?不明白再问。多看看语法书,多做做题。你行~
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